Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Obstetrics and gynaecology is the medical specialty dealing with fields of obstetrics and gynaecology through only one postgraduate training programme. This combined training prepares the practicing OB & GYN to be adapted at the care of female reproductive organ’s health and at the management of obstetric complications even through surgery.

COMMON TREATMENT FACILITIES ARE:

  • Normal & Complicated Deliveries
  • Abortion / MTPs
  • Video Endoscopy Tubectomy
  • Hysteroscopy Laparoscopic Gynae Operations – LAVH, Lap. Myomectomy etc.

THE MAIN CONDITIONS DEALT WITH BY A GYNECOLOGIST ARE:

  1. Cancer and Pre-Cancerous diseases of the reproductive organs including ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva incontinence of urine.
  2. Amenorrhea (absent menstrual periods)
  3. Dysmenorrhoea (painful menstrual periods)
  4. Infertility
  5. Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual periods). This is a common indication for hysterectomy.
  6. Prolapse of pelvic organs

SOME OF THE MORE COMMON OPERATIONS THAT ARE PERFORMED AT HOSPITAL INCLUDE:

  1. Dilation and curettage (removal of the uterine contents for various reasons, including partial miscarriage and dysfunctional uterine bleeding refractive to medical therapy).
  2. Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).
  3. Oophorectomy (removal of the ovaries).
  4. Tubal ligation.
  5.  
  6. Diagnostic laparoscopy – used to diagnose and treat sources of pelvic and abdominal pain used to provide confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis.
  7. Exploratory laparotomy – used to investigate the level of progression of benign or malignant disease.
  8. Various surgical treatments for urinary incontinence, including cystoscopy and sub-urethral slings.
  9. Surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapsed.

ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY IN GYNECOLOGY:

  • Endometrial Ablation – Resection Ectopic pregnancy An ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum is implanted in any tissue other than the uterine wall. Most ectopic pregnancies occur in the Fallopian tube (so-called tubal pregnancies), but implantation can also occur in the cervix, ovaries, and abdomen. Adnexal surgery The normal functioning ovary produces a follicular cyst 6-7 times each year. In most cases, these functional masses are self-limiting and resolve within the duration of a normal menstrual cycle. In rare situations, they persist longer or become enlarged. At this point, they represent a pathological condition Adnexal masses need to be removed surgically.
  • Hysterectomy (LAVH- laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy): Use of laparoscopic surgical techniques and instruments to remove the uterus (womb) and/or tubes and ovaries through the vagina.
  • Colposuspension: The abdomen is opened so that the bladder and the vagina can be visualised. The bladder and vagina dissected free so that sutures (stitches) can be placed in the vagina, beside the bladder. These stitches are then tied to the bone behind the bladder so that the neck of the bladder is elevated making it more able to control leakage of urine.